FN 509C Review: A Complete Guide to the Compact Handgun

The FN 509C stands out as a compact striker-fired pistol that balances concealability with serious firepower. This gun comes from FN America, a company known for military-grade firearms but often overlooked in the civilian handgun market. The pistol offers features typically found on larger duty guns packed into a frame sized between a Glock 26 and Glock 19.

The FN 509C delivers a 15+1 capacity in a frame just slightly smaller than a Glock 19, making it a strong choice for concealed carry without sacrificing magazine capacity. The gun ships with multiple magazine options, including 12-round and 15-round versions, plus extended magazines that hold up to 24 rounds. FN also offers the 509C MRD variant with optics-ready slide cuts and the 509C Tactical with a threaded barrel and suppressor-height sights.

The combination of size, ergonomics, and reliability makes this pistol worth examining closely. The grip texture provides solid purchase without being harsh on hands. The cold hammer-forged barrel and ambidextrous controls add to its appeal for both right and left-handed shooters.

Key Takeaways

• The FN 509C offers excellent capacity and compact size suitable for concealed carry

• Multiple variants include optics-ready and tactical models with threaded barrels

• The pistol features quality construction with ambidextrous controls and aggressive grip texture

FN 509C Overview and Key Features

The FN 509C delivers a full-size pistol's capabilities in a compact package designed for concealed carry. It features a 3.7-inch barrel, ambidextrous controls, and multiple magazine capacity options to suit different carry needs.

Design and Size Comparison

The FN 509 Compact measures 6.8 inches in overall length with its 3.7-inch barrel. This makes it noticeably smaller than the full-size FN 509 while maintaining similar shooting characteristics.

The compact pistol uses a textured polymer frame that balances durability with weight reduction. The frame features aggressive texturing on the grip surfaces for secure handling in various conditions.

FN America designed the 509C with a precision-milled slide that includes front and rear serrations. These serrations provide multiple grip points for press checks and slide manipulation. The slide carries a matte black finish over stainless steel construction for corrosion resistance.

Capacity and Magazine Options

The FN 509C comes with multiple magazine options to balance concealability and firepower. Standard capacity includes a 12-round magazine that sits flush with the grip and an extended 15-round magazine with a grip sleeve.

Some configurations offer 10-round magazines for restricted states. The 509 Compact accepts 17-round magazines from the full-size model when users need additional capacity.

Each magazine ships with a numbered witness hole system for quick round counts. The steel magazines feature a polymer follower and heat-treated steel spring for reliable feeding.

Ambidextrous Controls and Ergonomics

The FN 509 Compact features reversible controls including an ambidextrous slide stop lever and magazine release on both sides of the frame. These controls accommodate left and right-handed shooters without modification.

The carry gun includes interchangeable backstraps in small, medium, and large sizes. Shooters can adjust the grip circumference to fit their hand size for improved control and comfort.

A MIL-STD-1913 Picatinny rail sits forward of the trigger guard for mounting lights or lasers. The rail provides a secure attachment point for tactical accessories without adding significant bulk to the compact frame.

Performance and Shooting Experience

The FN 509C delivers consistent performance as a striker-fired handgun with zero malfunctions reported across extensive testing. The trigger system features a clean break with integrated safety mechanisms, while the multi-textured grip frame provides excellent control during rapid fire.

Reliability and Durability Testing

The FN 509C demonstrates exceptional reliability through real-world testing. After 1,000 rounds of varied ammunition, the pistol experienced zero malfunctions attributed to the gun itself. Testers fed the pistol ammunition ranging from 115-grain to 147-grain loads in FMJ, TMJ, and JHP configurations using both brass and steel cases.

The platform benefits from extensive development testing with over a million rounds to ensure ammunition compatibility. This level of testing reflects FN's reputation for producing battle-proven firearms. The feed ramp and polished chamber contribute to smooth feeding across different ammunition types.

The external extractor and loaded chamber indicator provide additional reliability features. These components allow shooters to visually and physically verify the pistol's status without requiring a press check.

Trigger Characteristics and Safety

The FN 509C features a trigger with a flatter face design that delivers a cleaner break than previous models. The trigger pull measures between 5.5 and 7.5 pounds from the factory, with test samples breaking at approximately 6 pounds.

The trigger includes an integrated trigger safety that prevents accidental discharge. Shooters report a firm wall followed by a clean break that feels appropriate for a stock striker-fired handgun. The reset is short and audible, allowing for quick follow-up shots.

The trigger's performance contributes to better accuracy and control during shooting sessions. Unlike older designs with curved trigger faces, the flat profile provides consistent finger placement across different grip styles.

Recoil, Control, and Grip Texture

The FN 509C incorporates at least four different surface textures across the grip frame's front, rear, and sides. This multi-textured approach combines with the pistol's ergonomics to make recoil management straightforward even with the 3.7-inch barrel.

The gun maintains control during one-handed firing and handles naturally like shooting a full-sized 509. The grip frame "sticks" to the palm without requiring excessive pressure. Recoil stays manageable even when shooting +P defensive loads.

The 12-round magazine allows all fingers to grip the frame comfortably, while the 15-round magazine adds height for shooters with larger hands. The modular grip frame ships with a second rear insert to accommodate different hand sizes. The aggressive texturing prevents slippage during extended shooting sessions without being uncomfortable for daily carry.

Sights, Optics, and Accessory Compatibility

The FN 509C comes with quality three-dot sights from the factory and offers multiple configurations for shooters who want to add red dot optics or weapon-mounted lights. The compact model provides a standard Picatinny rail and optional optics-ready variants that accept popular micro red dots without requiring slide milling.

Iron Sights and Night Sight Options

The standard FN 509C features white three-dot iron sights that provide a basic sight picture for most shooting situations. These sights sit at a standard height and offer adequate visibility in daylight conditions.

For low-light use, FN offers models equipped with tritium night sights that glow in the dark without batteries. The tritium inserts provide visibility for up to 12 years before needing replacement. Some aftermarket options include suppressor-height sights that co-witness with red dot optics, allowing shooters to use iron sights as a backup aiming method.

The sight dovetails accept most Glock-pattern aftermarket sights, which expands the available options considerably. Shooters can install fiber optic sights, blacked-out rear sights, or adjustable target sights depending on their needs. The front sight can be swapped without specialized tools using a sight pusher or brass punch.

Red Dot Integration and MRD Variants

The FN 509 Compact MRD (Miniature Red Dot) variant ships with mounting plates for popular optics including Trijicon RMR, Leupold DeltaPoint Pro, and various Holosun models. The FN Low Profile Optics Mounting System uses a two-plate design that sits flush with the slide.

Most micro red dot sights mount directly using the included plates without requiring additional adapters. The Trijicon SRO, Holosun 507C, and similar RMR-footprint optics are popular choices. The Aimpoint ACRO requires a specific mounting plate but fits the system as well.

Compatible optics include:

• Trijicon RMR and SRO

• Holosun 407C and 507C series

• Leupold DeltaPoint Pro

• Vortex Venom and Viper

• Burris FastFire III

The Leupold DeltaPoint Pro only uses the smaller front plate, while most other optics require both mounting plates for secure attachment.

Accessory Rail and Weapon Light Use

The FN 509C includes a standard Picatinny rail machined into the dust cover that accepts most pistol lights and lasers. The rail measures approximately 1.5 inches long, which accommodates compact weapon lights designed for subcompact and compact pistols.

Popular weapon light options include the Streamlight TLR-7, Surefire XSC, and Olight PL-Mini 2. These lights fit flush with the slide and don't extend past the muzzle, maintaining the compact profile. Full-size lights like the Streamlight TLR-1 also mount but create overhang beyond the slide.

The rail positioning allows proper light activation without adjusting the shooting grip. Compared to the Glock 19, the 509C has similar rail dimensions and accepts the same accessories. The 509 Tactical offers a longer rail for full-size lights and accessories, but the compact version prioritizes concealability over accessory space.

Comparisons, Practical Considerations, and Final Thoughts

The FN 509 Compact sits in a competitive market alongside established carry pistols, with practical features that affect daily use. Understanding how it compares to alternatives and what customization options exist helps potential buyers make informed decisions.

FN 509C vs Glock 19 and Other Models

The FN 509 Compact offers 15-round capacity in a frame slightly smaller than a Glock 19. The Glock 19 holds 15 rounds in its standard magazine, making capacity similar between the two models.

The FN 509 features interchangeable backstraps and a lower bore axis compared to the Glock 19's fixed grip angle. Shooters who prefer more grip customization may find the 509 compact better suited to their needs. The trigger on the FN 509 breaks cleanly with less takeup than a standard Glock trigger.

Both pistols include accessory rails for lights and lasers. The FN 509 comes optics-ready from the factory, while most Glock 19 models require slide milling for red dot mounting. Price points differ, with the Glock 19 typically costing $100-150 less than the 509 compact.

Concealed Carry Comfort and Modularity

The 509 compact measures 7.09 inches in overall length and weighs 26.4 ounces unloaded. Its 1.35-inch width makes it manageable for inside-the-waistband carry.

The interchangeable backstraps allow shooters to adjust the grip circumference. This modularity helps accommodate different hand sizes without requiring aftermarket modifications. A grip sleeve can further enhance comfort during extended carry sessions.

The compact size provides adequate concealability while maintaining a full firing grip. The 3.7-inch barrel length balances velocity retention with reduced printing under clothing. Magazine options include standard 15-round versions and extended configurations for range use.

Customization and Aftermarket Options

The optics-ready slide accepts multiple red dot footprints, including Trijicon RMR, Holosun 507c, and Leupold Delta Point Pro. Shooters can mount optics without sending the slide for machining.

Aftermarket support for the FN 509 remains limited compared to Glock or Sig platforms. Trigger upgrades, extended magazine releases, and enhanced controls are available from select manufacturers. HexMagazines and other companies produce higher-capacity magazines for the platform.

The threaded barrel on tactical variants accepts suppressors directly. Standard models require barrel replacement for suppressor use. Holster availability has improved since the pistol's introduction, with major manufacturers now offering dedicated FN 509 models.

Frequently Asked Questions

The FN 509C raises several common questions about its performance compared to competitors, its features across different models, and its overall value. Pricing typically ranges from competitive to premium depending on the variant, while certain models offer law enforcement-specific enhancements.

How does the FN 509C compare to the Glock 19 in terms of reliability and performance?

The FN 509C offers a 15+1 capacity in a frame slightly smaller than a Glock 19, making it comparable in size but with different ergonomics. Both pistols have proven track records for reliability in various conditions.

The FN 509C features fully ambidextrous controls and interchangeable backstraps, while the Glock 19 maintains a simpler design philosophy. The 509C includes a cold hammer-forged barrel and comes optics-ready from the factory on certain models.

In terms of shooting experience, the FN 509C provides a different grip angle and texture compared to the Glock 19. Many shooters note the 509C has a smoother trigger pull out of the box.

What are the standard features of the FN 509C MRD that set it apart from other compact firearms?

The FN 509C MRD includes a striker-fired system, polymer frame, and proprietary two-piece mounting plate for red-dot sights. It comes with an accessory rail and interchangeable backstraps in different colors.

The pistol measures 6.8 inches overall with a 3.7-inch barrel and weighs 25.5 ounces with an empty magazine. Its optics-ready design allows for quick mounting of miniature red dot sights without additional modifications.

The MRD variant includes front and rear cocking serrations on the slide. It also features low-profile iron sights that co-witness with mounted optics.

What is the price range for a new FN 509C, and how does it reflect its value?

The FN 509C price range reflects its position as a high-quality, versatile firearm in the market. It is competitively priced considering its features for consumers looking for a reliable concealed carry weapon.

The pistol incorporates military-grade testing and development that originally came from FN's submission for the U.S. Army's Modular Handgun System competition. This heritage adds value through proven durability and performance standards.

The optics-ready design, ambidextrous controls, and cold hammer-forged barrel contribute to its overall value proposition. Buyers receive features typically found on more expensive custom pistols as standard equipment.

Can you describe the differences between the FN 509C MRD-LE and the standard FN 509C?

The MRD-LE designation indicates a law enforcement model with specific features tailored for professional use. The standard FN 509C may not include the optics-ready mounting system that comes standard on MRD variants.

LE models often include enhanced night sights or specialized coatings. These variants may also feature different magazine configurations or additional accessories packaged from the factory.

The core dimensions and operating system remain consistent across models. The primary differences lie in the optics mounting capabilities and included accessories.

What are some known issues or common problems reported with the FN 509 series of pistols?

Some shooters initially report that the point of impact sits slightly lower than the point of aim at close ranges. This typically resolves as the shooter becomes familiar with the sight picture and grip.

The 509 series generally performs reliably with various ammunition types including hollow points and full metal jacket rounds. Users on forums discuss ammunition preferences, with the pistol handling both standard and +P loads effectively.

The pistol requires proper maintenance like any firearm to maintain optimal performance. Breaking in the gun with several hundred rounds helps ensure smooth operation.

Are there any distinct advantages to choosing the FN 509C FDE over other color models?

The FN 509 Compact FDE features a tan-colored frame with the same 3.7-inch barrel and capacity options of 12+1 or 15+1 in 9mm. The FDE finish provides a different aesthetic compared to black models.

From a functional standpoint, the FDE and black models perform identically. The color choice comes down to personal preference and intended use environment.

The FDE finish may show wear differently than black finishes over time. Some users prefer the earth tone color for specific applications or to match other gear.